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Deforestation by region
(詳細はdeforestation vary from region to region around the world. In 2009, 2/3 of the world forests were in 10 top countries: 1) Russia, 2) Brazil, 3) Canada, 4) United States, 5) China, 6) Australia, 7) Congo, 8) Indonesia, 9) Peru and 10) India.〔Al Gore: Our Choice,A plan to solve the climate crises, Bloomsbury 2009,Chapter 9 Forests 170-195; pages 174, 192, 184, 186, 192, 172〕
World annual deforestation is estimated as 13.7 million hectares a year, equal to the area of Greece. Only half of this area is compensated by new forests or forest growth. In addition to directly human-induced deforestation, the growing forests have also been affected by climate change, increasing risks of storms, and diseases. Kyoto protocol includes the agreement to prevent deforestation but not the actions to fulfill it.〔
==Africa==
Africa is suffering deforestation at twice the world rate, according to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).〔(Nature laid waste: The destruction of Africa ), The Independent, June 11, 2008〕〔(Africa's deforestation twice world rate, says atlas ), Reuters, June 10, 2008〕〔(Deforestation reaches worrying level - UN ). AfricaNews.〕 Some sources claim that deforestation has already wiped out roughly 90% of West Africa's original forests.〔(Forests and deforestation in Africa - the wasting of an immense resource ), afrol News〕〔(African Rainforest ), Steve Nix〕 Deforestation is accelerating in Central Africa.〔(Deforestation accelerating in Central Africa ), June 8, 2007〕 According to the FAO, Africa lost the highest percentage of tropical forests of any continent during the 1980s, 1990s, and early 2000s.〔(Africa's deforestation rate may be underestimated ). mongabay.com. June 22, 2006.〕 According to the figures from the FAO (1997), only 22.8% of West Africa's moist forests remain, much of this degraded.〔(Tropical Deforestation Rates in Africa ). mongabay.com. Retrieved on May 31, 2009.〕 Nigeria has lost 81% of its old-growth forests in just 15 years (1990–2005). Massive deforestation threatens food security in some African countries. One factor contributing to the continent's high rates of deforestation is the dependence of 90% of its population on wood as fuel for heating and cooking.〔Agyei, Yvonne. (Deforestation in Sub-Saharan Africa ). ''African Technology Forum'', Volume 8, Number 1. Retrieved on May 31, 2009.〕
Research carried out by WWF International in 2006 shows that in Africa, rates of illegal logging vary from 50% in Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea to 70% in Gabon and 80% in Liberia〔Paul Toyne, Cliona O’Brien and Rod Nelson. ("The Timber Footprint of the G8 and China" ). WWF International. June 2002. pp. 35-36.〕 – where timber revenues played a major role in financing the Sierra Leone Civil War〔Blondel, Alice. ("The Logs of War" ). ''Monde Diplomatique''. January 2004.〕 and other regional armed conflicts until the UN Security Council imposed a ban on all Liberian timber in 2003.〔Black, Richard. ("New Dawn for Liberia's 'Blood Forests'" ). ''BBC News''. October 12, 2006.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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